Production is the basis for your Prosperity. Each Production Building needs Workers who drive the production.
You should make sure to produce Goods that your Town demands, not only to get Reputation for your good work, but also to help level up your Town.
Goods can be sold or bought in the Wholesale Markets of all towns. There are several ways to improve your Production, such as Building Upgrades, specialized Workers, as well as the use of Manifest Cards.